Loom.



B. ELSASER.

Loom.

l APPLICA-HON FILED MAR- 3|J-9l5. 1,176,822. Patented Mar. 28, 1916.

2 SSSSSSSSSS ET1 B. ELSASER.

LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 3, 1915.

1,176,822. .Patented Mar. 28,1916.

2 SHEETS-S HEET 2.

THE CULUMBIA PLANOGRAPH co.. WASHINGTQN. D. c.

BENJAMIN ELsAsER, 0E EooNvILLE, NEW YORK.

LOCllVlI.`

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. as, 191e.

Application filed March 3, 1915. Serial No. 11,853.

To all whom tmag/ concern:

Be it knownthat I, BENJAMIN ELsA'sER, a citizen of the United States, residing .at Boonville, in the county of Oneida andState of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Looms, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in looms, and, wh.le directed more particularly to hand looms designed for household use in weaving rugs and rag carpets, is not limitedto looms of this special class, but may be employed generally in loom structures for which it is adapted.

The primary object of the invention is to provide a weaving mechanism embodying improved means for beating in the woof and crossing and spreading the warp, whereby simplicity of structure and action is secured.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel construction of reed and movable cloth or carpet lbeam, together `with means for holding the beam in proper position for the beating-in action and spreading and crossing of the warp, whereby the use of a battenand an ordinary harness mechanism is dspensed with.

A still further object of the invention is to form spring connections between the warp and cloth beams, whereby the cloth is wound up and the warpV held under proper tension, said means also serving to hold the cloth beam in predetermined positionV for the weaving and warp spreading and crossing action.

A still further object of the invention is to provide supports for the cloth beam which are adjustable so that the operative positions of said beam may be varied, together with means whereby the beam may be released in a convenient manner for adjustment to its several positions. l

v The invention consists of the features of construction, combination and arrangement of parts herein fully described and claimed,

reference being had to the accompanyingV drawings in which Figure 1 is a. side elevation of a hand loom 1 embodying vmy invention. ig. 2 is a top plan view of the same. Fig.V 3 is a front elevation.V Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse section on the line 1 4 of Fig. 2, looking toward the reed. Fig. 5 is a vertical longitudinal section. Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are diagrammatic views showing the fabric and threads when the weaving` mechanism is arranged respectively inthe intermediate weaving position and inthe upper and lower warp spreading and crossing positions.

For the purposes of illustration, I have in the present instance shown my invention as embodied in a hand loom for domestic use in weaving carpets and rag rugs from old clothes and carpets, although it is to be understood that the invention, as before stated, is not restricted in this particular, but may be employed in any type of loom structure for which it is adapted.

In carrying my invention into practice, I provide a suitable frame structure l mounted upon supporting legs 2 and including side bars 3. The side bars 3 are provided with or carry at the rear of the frame uprights 4, formed with bearing openings 5 for j the warp beam or roll 6 on which the warp threads are wound. In the structure illustrated, this beam is provided with suitable handles 7 whereby it may be turned or rotated in opposite directions.

At their forward ends the side bars 8 carry brackets or uprights 8 'which are adjustably secured thereto in any preferred manner. In the present instance each bracket or upright is sho-wn as provided with a longitudinal slot 9 for the passage of clamping bolts 10 whereby it is adapted to be vertically adjusted and clamped iny adjusted position. The outer edges of the respective brackets or uprights are formed with seat shoulders or notches l1, 1Q, and 13 to support the clothor carpet beam 14- at different working elevations.

As shown, the beam 14 has the ends of its shaft 15 extended and adapted to seat within the said notches l1, 12 and 13, said beam being vertically adjustable on the outside of the uprights 8` and adapted to engage and be supported by the shoulders or notches 11 when in an intermediate or weaving position, and to be respectively supported by the notches 12 and 13 when in upper and lower warp spreading and crossing positions.

Upon the ends Vof the beam or roll 6 and the shaft Vof the beam or roll 1 4 are respectively fixed pulleys 16 and 17, between which sets of pulleys at the opposite sides of the loom extend flexible connections 1&5

each including a spring 19, which connections are adapted to wind upon and off the respective pulleys as the beams are turned in opposite directions. These connections serve both as motion transmitting elements and tensioning devices by which the warp is held under the desired tension and the cloth beam is turned to wind up the woven fabric. Ilhen the beams are moved in a forward direction for the binding or weavingaction the flexible connections are wound lbeam and unWound from the'clotli upon the cloth beam and unwound-from the warp beam, thus permitting the warp threads and fabric to feed forward for the beating-in or weaving action, while on the lrearward motion of said beams the flexible connections will be wound upon the warp eam, thus winding up the fabric and moving the warp threads forwardly for spreading` andV crossing operations, in all of which movements the warp and fabric are held under proper tension. The pulleys 16 and 17 are preferably of stepped construction, each having a plurality of surfaces'of different diameters and provided with pins or pegs 20 adapted tobe engaged by loops at the ends of the fiexible connections, by which the relative speeds of rotation of the beams may be properly varied at different periods in the weaving of the rug or carpet. Levers 21 are supported upon the frame or upright for movement to engage and release the cloth beam from engagement with the holding shoulders or. notches on the uprights,

Y thus facilitating the adjustment of said beamv to its different operative positions.

'Ihe reed mechanism shown in the present instance, comprises a suitable transverse frame 22 extending between and secured to the uprights 4: and reed sections or dents 23 carried by said'frame, said reeds or dents being arranged in spaced relation to provide elongated vertical thread passages 24 and ,A provided with openings 25 so forming thread passages. In the use of this improved loom, the warp threads are arranged in two sets, the threads 26 of one set extending through the passages 24 and the threads 26a of the other set extending through the openings 25, and the parts of the reed are disposed in Vrelatively fixed position so that the warp threads 26 are capable of free vertical movement in the passages 24Qto a predetermined extent While the warp threads 26a are Vheld lfrom vertical movement and simply feed through the passages or openings 25.

It will thus be evident from the foregoing description that when the cloth beam 111 isV disposed in an intermediate position in which it is held by the shoulders or notches 11 the parts of the loom are 1n the proper relative Vmechanism may be readily understood.V It

is evident that theadjustabilityof the upr1ghts 8 enables the notches or shoulders to be varied in position or elevation as circumstances may require according to thechai-,

acter Vof the warp or woofemployed' and the nature' of the Vcarpet or rug whichis being woven. Y

In the operation of the loom, assuming the warp threads to be extended between the beams and through the reedY as described, it will be understood that the'beating-in or pounding is performed by Vmoving -the alreadywoven cloth orcarpet against the reed by rotating thewarp beam in a rearward direction and then moving it backward again by turning the warp beam forward so that the warp may be crossed and spread and another strip of woof be put in; This beating-in action is performed when the cloth roll is seated in the notches 11, as.

previously explained.- In the operation ofV the loomthe'cloth beam is first adjusted into engagement with the upper notches 12 thus Y spreading-and crossing the warp threads above the beating-1n line, whereupon a strip of woof is inserted by means of a suitableV shuttle, the cloth beam is then lowered into engagement with ythe notches 11 and the beating-in or weaving action carried out as above set forth, after Awhich the beam is lowered into engagement withthe lower notches 13 to spread and cross the warp threads below the weaving lines, whereupon a neustrip of Woof is inserted, the cloth-beam elevated into weaving position and the cycle of operation above described repeated'.

By means of the levers 21 it will be evident that the cloth beam may be released from the notches against the action of the tensioning spring so that its adjustment may be facilitated, and that by reason of the construction described simplicity is secured, both' in theV structure of the machine itself andthe weaving action in entirety, since theV use-of a batten and reed harness mechanism is dispensed with, thus enabling avery simpleV type of loom to be produced and sold at a comparatively low cost." In will be evident that the same action of disposing the warp threads' in the different specied positions may be at-Y tainedV by the use of a vertically adjustable reed, under which conditions the cloth beam may be mounted torotate in fixed bearings, but, while this broad'idea is contemplatedby the present invention, the structure disclosed is specifically claimed herein, the alternative construction specified being set forth and claimed in a separate application of even date herewith.

I claim l. In a loom, a warp beam, a cloth beam, means for rotating said beam, a reed having passages for two sets of warp threads, one adapted to permit both vertical and feeding motions of the threads and the other adapted to permit feeding motion of the threads while holding the same from vertical movement, and means permitting adjustment of the cloth beam to different working positions for the ing the shed.

2. In a loom, a warp beam, a cloth beam, fiexible winding and tensioning connections between said beams, means for rotating one of said beams, a reed having sets of passages for two sets of warp threads, one set of passages being adapted to permit both feeding and vertical movements of the threads and the other to permit feeding movement of the threads while holding the same from vertical movement, and means for vertically adjusting the cloth beam to different working positions for the purpose of forming the shed, said means being adapted to retain the beam in such positions of adjustment.

3. In a loom, a warp beam, a reed having two sets of warp thread passages, one adapted to permit both feeding and vertical movement of thef threads and the other to permit feeding movement of the thread while holding the same from vertical movement, whereby the threads are adapted when disposed at different elevations to be disposed for a beating-in action, and to be spread and crossed above and below the line thereof, a cloth beam and means for vertically adjusting the cloth bealn to different positions to effect such adjustments of the threads for the purpose of forming the shed.

4. In a loom, a frame having a series of seats at different elevations, a warp beam,

a cloth beam vertically adjustable for the purpose of forming the shed and adapted to engage said seats, pulleys upon said beams, flexible winding and tensioning connections between said pulleys including coiled springs, means for rotating the warp beam, and a reed provided with passages for separate sets of warp threads, one adapted to permit both feeding and vertical motion of the threads and the other adapted Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the purpose of form-` to permit feeding motion only of the threads.

In a loom, a frame having a series of seats at diderent elevations, a warp beam, a cloth beam vertically adjustable for the purpose of forming the shed and adapted to engage said seats, stepped pulleys upon the beams, iieXible winding and tensioning connections between said pulleys adapted for detachable engagement with the stepped surfaces of the pulleys, said connections including coiled springs, means for rotating the warp beam, and a reed provided with passages for separate sets of warp threads, one adapted to permit both feeding and vertical motion of the threads and the other adapted to permit feeding motion only of the threads.

6.` In a loom, a warp beam, a vertically adjustable cloth beam, means for holding the same at dierent working elevations for the purpose of forming the shed, means for rotating'said beam, and a reed having passages for two sets of warp threads, one adapted to permit both feeding and vertical motion of the threads and the other to permit feeding motion only of the threads.

7. In a loom, a frame having a series of seats at different elevations for the purpose of forming the shed, a cloth beam vertically adjustable and adapted to engage said seats, a warp beam, flexible winding and tensioning connections between said beams, means for rotating the warp beam, and a reed provided with passages for sepa-rate sets of warp threads, one adapted to permit both feeding and vertical motion of the threads and the other adapted to permit feeding motion only of the threads.

8. In a loom, a frame structure provided with upper, lower and intermediate sets of receiving seats or notches, a cloth roll adapted to engage said seats or notches, a warp roll mounted to rotate in fixed bearings, flexible winding and tensioning connections between said rolls, means for rotating the warp roll, means for shifting the cloth roll out of engagement with said seats or notches, and a reed provided with two sets of warp thread passages, one adapted to permit both feeding and vertical motion of the threads and the other to permit feeding motion only of the threads.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

BENJAMIN ELSASER.

IVitnesses:

JOHN H. ELsAsER, FAY C. MARTIN.

Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. 

